Explainers
Our explainers cover key subjects relating to our work, setting out key facts and figures and answering the most important questions about government.
Explore our explainers
Public financial institutions
Public financial institutions (PuFins) can invest public funds and “crowd in” private investment. But who are they?
By-elections
How are by-elections triggered?
By-elections since the 2024 general election
Labour has lost two by-elections since the 2024 general election.
The gilt (or bond) market
What is a gilt?
The UK electricity market
How does the electricity market work, and how is the government seeking to change it?
Ofgem
Ofgem is the public body responsible for overseeing the electricity and gas markets.
Joining and leaving the House of Lords
Most Lords members are life peers – nominated for their lifetime, but without their peerage passing to their children.
Office for Students
The Office for Students (OfS) is the independent regulator of higher education in England.
Sewel convention
How the Sewel convention works in practice and what happens when devolved consent is withheld.
The public bodies review programme
What is a public body review?